Medical facts on allergies, symptoms and diseases!
Hernia
A hernia is caused by a tear to the stomach muscles. In some cases part of the
stomach or intestine will bulge through the hole and form a painful lump under
the skin.
The commonest type of hernia is found in the groin. It is known as an inguinal
hernia, because the weak spot usually occurs along the inguinal canal, an area
where the tube that carries sperm enters the scrotum. Men are more likely to have
an inherent weakness along the inguinal canal than women because of the way they
develop in the womb.
There are several types of hernia. Protrusions on the abdominal wall
are called femoral and umbilical hernias.The most common type is
hiatal hernia, which occurs when part of the stomach
pushes through the diaphragm separating the chest and the abdomen.
Sometimes a hernia can form under the scar of an operation, in which case it is
called an incisional hernia.
A sportman's hernia is a syndrome characterized by chronic groin pain in athletes
and a dilated superficial ring of the inguinal canal, although a true hernia is
not present.
What causes hernia?
Anything which increases pressure on the stomach muscles can lead to a tear.
This includes heavy lifting, coughing, straining on the toilet, vigorous exercise
or even sex.
In most cases a hernia is simply a painful nuisance. However, there is a danger
that the tissue that has fallen through the muscle wall can get strangulated.
This means it gets stuck and its blood supply is cut off.
In this case emergency surgery is necessary before the tissue starts to die.
What is the treatment?
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Trusses used to be used to keep the hernia in place. However, a simple operation
is now carried out to repair the weakness before problems arise.
The surgeon will remove the hernia sac and sew the weakened area of muscle together.
Sometimes a synthetic mesh will be used to help reinforce the repair.
Recovery is usually very swift, but it is best to avoid anything strenuous for
4 to 6 weeks after surgery. Many patients are managed through surgical daycare
centers, and are able to return to work within a week or two, while heavy activities
are prohibited for a longer period.
The best way to avoid hernia is to avoid becoming overweight.
If you have to lift heavy items, then make sure you do so correctly, by bending
your knees and keeping your back straight. A healthy, high-fibre diet is also a
good idea, as is refraining from smoking.
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